phenytoin/dilantin
it is use to treat focal seizures, generalised seizures, status epilepticus, myoclonic and tonic-clonic seizures(second line).
it mechanism of action is bind to voltage dependent sodium channels, extend the inactivated phase duration and inhibit the generation of rapid action potenrials when the cell experience incoming depolarizing trains
extra action: diminish synaptic transmission, limit fluctuation of neuronal ionic gradients and inhibit calcium-calmodulin protein phosphorylation
side effects: gingival hypertrophy, body hair increase, rash, folic depletion, double vision, ataxia, CVS effects, avoid in pregnancy